{"id":4400,"date":"2023-10-21T09:36:44","date_gmt":"2023-10-21T06:06:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/?p=4400"},"modified":"2023-11-14T15:22:00","modified_gmt":"2023-11-14T11:52:00","slug":"effect-of-plant-growth-on-some-physical-properties-of-potting-culture-media","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/ar\/blog\/effect-of-plant-growth-on-some-physical-properties-of-potting-culture-media","title":{"rendered":"Effect of Plant Growth on Some Physical Properties of Potting Culture Media"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4400\" class=\"elementor elementor-4400 elementor-3647\" data-elementor-settings=\"{&quot;ha_cmc_init_switcher&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9382121 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9382121\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-52bdd22\" data-id=\"52bdd22\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0a57b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f0a57b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"996\" height=\"345\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/33333333333.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3653 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/33333333333.png 996w, https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/33333333333-300x104.png 300w, https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/33333333333-768x266.png 768w, https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/33333333333-600x208.png 600w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 996px) 100vw, 996px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 996px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 996\/345;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a17a340 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a17a340\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-267242b\" data-id=\"267242b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ff1612 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ff1612\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">:Abstract<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e1c0e74 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e1c0e74\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8e63b14\" data-id=\"8e63b14\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9340bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c9340bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" dir=\"RTL\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 150%; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: left;\"><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">Background Physical properties of substrates considered<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">appropriate for plant growth at planting may change over<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">time in containers as a result of several processes. Changes<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">include air space reduction, shrinkage of the substrate,<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">organic matter decomposition, and physical breakdown of<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">particles. The objective of this research was to evaluate the<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">physical properties of date palm waste as culture media and<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">its effect on number and yield of tomato fruit.<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">Results The experiment was conducted as factorial in a<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">completely randomized block design with 9 treatments and<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">3 replications. Treatments included three sizes (S<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">1 <\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">=\\0.5,<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">S<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">2 <\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">= 0.5\u20131, and S<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">3 <\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">= 1\u20132 cm) and three composting times<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">(C<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">1 <\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">= 0, C<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">2 <\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">= 3, and C<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">3 <\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">= 6 months) of date palm waste.<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">Statistical analysis showed that the values of bulk density<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">(BD) and water holding capacity (WHC) were significantly<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">increased at the end of cultivation from culture media<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">without plant in comparison to before and after planting<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">(p\\0.05). Amounts of F<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">t <\/span><span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">(total porosity) in culture media<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">without plant were significantly higher than those in culture<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">media before planting and with plant (p\\0.05). Also<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">during the experiment, an apparent shift in physical properties<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">was recorded.<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">Conclusion The overall results of this research indicated<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">that composting process changed the physical properties of<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">the media before planting. Also<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">during the experiment, an<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">apparent shift in physical properties was recorded. The<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">results of the study showed that composting processes<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">continued in culture media with and without plant, in the<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">mean time, the composting processes were higher in culture<\/span> <span dir=\"LTR\" style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri Light',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;\">media without plant.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8120af4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8120af4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">\u0686\u06a9\u06cc\u062f\u0647:<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c17a637 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c17a637\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b5aab28\" data-id=\"b5aab28\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0301f98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0301f98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u067e\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062f \u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0636\u0627\u06cc\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062e\u0644 \u062e\u0631\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u06a9\u0634\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0648\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0627 9 \u062a\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648 3 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f. \u062a\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 (S1 =\\0.5\u060c S2 = 0.5-1\u060c \u0648 S3 = 1-2 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0648 \u0633\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a (C1 = 0\u060c C2 = 3\u060c \u0648 C3 = 6 \u0645\u0627\u0647) \u0636\u0627\u06cc\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062e\u0644 \u062e\u0631\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u06cc (BD) \u0648 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0622\u0628 (WHC) \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0634\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0634\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a (05\/0p\\). \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 Ft (\u062a\u062e\u0644\u062e\u0644 \u06a9\u0644) \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u06a9\u0634\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u06a9\u0634\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f (05\/0p\\). \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0634\u062f. \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc: \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u06a9\u0634\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0634\u062a \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0634\u062f. \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0634\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ca04199 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ca04199\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cb7eb10\" data-id=\"cb7eb10\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a064680 elementor-widget elementor-widget-ha-pdf-view happy-addon ha-pdf-view\" data-id=\"a064680\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ha-pdf-view.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t        <div class=\"pdf_viewer_container\">\n            <div class=\"pdf_viewer_options viewer-a064680\" data-pdf-settings=\"{&quot;unique_id&quot;:&quot;viewer-a064680&quot;,&quot;pdf_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/ecopeat-iran.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/Ahmad-1.pdf&quot;,&quot;file_type&quot;:&quot;upload_file&quot;,&quot;page_number&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;100%&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;600px&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"ha-title-flex\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"pdf-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"ha-pdf-title\">PDF Title<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t                <div class=\"pdf-button\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Ahmad-1.pdf\" class=\"ha-btn\" download title=\"PDF Title\">Download<\/a>                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"viewer-a064680\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n        \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>:Abstract Background Physical properties of substrates considered appropriate for plant growth at planting may change over time in containers as a result of several processes. Changes include air space reduction, shrinkage of the substrate, organic matter decomposition, and physical breakdown of particles. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physical properties of date [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-61"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4400","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4400"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4400\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4401,"href":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4400\/revisions\/4401"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4400"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4400"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecopeat-iran.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4400"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}